Chicago Style Guide: Footnotes

Chicago Style Manual of style has two methods for in-text citations:

• Notes-Bibliography system:  numbered footnotes in the text to direct the reader to a shortened citation at the bottom of the page. This corresponds to a fuller citation on a Bibliography page that concludes the document.
• Author-Date system: uses parenthetical citations in the text to reference the source's author's last name and the year of publication. Each parenthetical citation corresponds to an entry on a References page that concludes the document.

Confirm with your instructor which system to use.

Formatting

• Footnotes are added at the end of the page, endnotes are added at the end of the chapter or document.
• Use a superscript number in the text that corresponds to the number in the note
• Text in note should be full size

Multiple References To Same Source

Use a shortened version of the citation every time after the first mention. Example:

     1. David Harvey, The Condition of Postmodernity: An Enquiry into the Origins of Cultural Change (Malden, MA: Blackwell, 1990), 12.

     2. Harvey, 12.

From the Plagiarism.org Website:

According to the Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary, to "plagiarize" means

• to steal and pass off (the ideas or words of another) as one's own
• to use (another's production) without crediting the source
• to commit literary theft
• to present as new and original an idea or product derived from an existing source

In other words, plagiarism is an act of fraud. It involves both stealing someone else's work and lying about it afterward.

All of the following are considered plagiarism:

• turning in someone else's work as your own
• copying words or ideas from someone else without giving credit
• failing to put a quotation in quotation marks
• giving incorrect information about the source of a quotation
• changing words but copying the sentence structure of a source without giving credit
• copying so many words or ideas from a source that it makes up the majority of your work, whether you give credit or not (see our section on "fair use" rules)

Test your comprehension! Take the Plagiarism Quiz online.